The diversity and specialisation in orchid floral morphology have fascinated botanists and collectors for centuries. In the past 10 years, the orchid industry has been growing substantially worldwide. This book focuses on the advances in orchid biotechnology research in the last decade in Taiwan. Important topics covered include the new knowledge of basic genome through floral morphogenisis, floral ontology, embryogenisis, micropropagation, functional genomics such as EST, virus-induced gene silencing, and genetic transformation.